Diabetes is not considered to de new or recent illness, it was discovered long ago. Firstly symptoms of this disease were described by ancient author Arateus. The full description of diabetes was made by Greek physician Aretaeus of Cappadocia. He also gave the name “diabetes” to the disease. Among symptoms he mentioned thirst, excessive urination and loss of weight. Also the description of diabetes there is among works of Indian physician Susruta. In the 11th century there were “water tasters”, who detected the presence of diabetes. They drank patient’s urine and it was considered if that urine had sweet taste then patient had diabetes.
In 19th century several tests were invented which helped to detect the level of sugar in the urine. In 1920 -1923 nature and functions of insulin were discovered by group of scientists. In the year 1922 was the first test of insulin extract on human being. It was 14-years-old boy Leonard Thompson. The result was successful.
In the 1940-ies Helen-Free test was invented by two scientists Alfred Free and Helen Murray. In the 1970 blood glucometer and insulin pomp were created. Laser therapy was used n order to treat blindness caused by diabetes. In 1983 first biosynthetic human insulin was received. In 1996 there was 75th Anniversary since the discovery of insulin.
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